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United States aerial reconnaissance of the Soviet Union
Between 1946 and 1960, the United States Army Air Forces conducted aerial reconnaissance flights over the Soviet Union in order to determine the size, composition, and disposition of Soviet forces. Aircraft used included the Boeing B-47 Stratojet bomber and, from 1956, the Lockheed U-2 plane specifically designed for high-altitude reconnaissance. The program was ended following the U-2 incident of 1960.
==Background==
Reconnaissance flights began in 1946 along the borders of the Soviet Union and other Socialist Bloc states. The necessity of peacetime overflights was reinforced after the escalation of the Cold War in the late 1940s and, in particular, after the Korea War started in 1950. US President Harry S. Truman authorized selected overflights of the Soviet Union in order to determine the status of its air forces. It was feared that the Soviets might launch a surprise aerial attack on the United States with long-range bombers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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